Case Laws & Commentary · Income-tax Act, 1961 (as amended by the Finance Act, 2026) · bharattax.co Treatise
Provision: Omitted. Part of Chapter XV. Omitted by the Finance Act, 1988, with effect from 1 April 1989.
Subject: The section, as it stood before its omission, no longer forms part of the Act. In the consolidated bare Act it appears under a now-deleted cross-heading at the end of Chapter XV.
Finance Act, 2026: No change. Chapter XV is untouched by the Finance Act, 2026; the section stands as amended up to the Finance Act, 2025.
A. SECTION COMMENTARY
1. Omitted provision — retained to mark the omission
Section 181 was omitted by the Finance Act, 1988 with effect from 1 April 1989, and no longer has any operative content. It is included here, in compliance with the requirement that no section of the Chapter be skipped, solely to record the omission and to preserve the continuity of the section numbering of Chapter XV. The omission date is verified against the local Act, which prints the entry as '181. [Omitted by the Finance Act, 1988, w.e.f. 1-4-1989.]'.
2. Original subject-matter not asserted
Consistent with the project's accuracy discipline, the original subject-matter of section 181 as it stood before its 1988 omission is not asserted here: the readily available secondary sources conflict, and several conflate it with sections 182 and 183 (assessment of registered/unregistered firms, separately omitted by the Finance Act, 1992 with effect from 1 April 1993). The precise pre-1989 text should be confirmed from a pre-omission print edition or the Finance Act, 1988 amendment table before any statement of its original content is made. The fact and date of omission, however, are firmly established.
B. STATUTORY POSITION (verbatim text)
The section stands omitted; the bare-Act entry recording the omission is set out below.
181. Omitted by the Finance Act, 1988, w.e.f. 1-4-1989.
C. AUTHORITIES
Omitted provision. There are no authorities construing an omitted section, and none is invented. The fact and date of omission (Finance Act, 1988, w.e.f. 1 April 1989) are verified against the local Act.
Cluster A — No authority (omitted provision)
Section 181 was omitted by the Finance Act, 1988, w.e.f. 1 April 1989. There is no current jurisprudence, and the original subject-matter is not asserted in the absence of a primary-source confirmation. No authority is invented.
Compiled for the bharattax.co Treatise on the Income-tax Act, 1961 (as amended by the Finance Act, 2026). Statutory text is reproduced from the Income-tax Act, 1961 (text as printed in the local Act, base text amended up to the Finance Act, 2025), with the publisher's footnote apparatus and amendment-marker brackets removed; three asterisks (***) denote words or a provision omitted by amendment and retained only to mark the omission. The Finance Act, 2026 amends no section of Chapter XV of the Income-tax Act, 1961 (its Part-A amendments touch ss.92CA, 139, 140B, 144B, 144C, 147A, 148, 150, 153, 153B, 220, 222, 234, 245, 245MA, 254 and 270A-276 only). Citations are stated as reported; orders of the Tribunal and High Courts are flagged as such. Where a section has not been judicially construed, that is stated candidly and the nearest governing authority is given. This material is for professional reference and is not legal advice.
CHAPTER XV — LIABILITY IN SPECIAL CASES
Section 181 — [Omitted]
Case Laws & Commentary · Income-tax Act, 1961 (as amended by the Finance Act, 2026) · bharattax.co Treatise
Provision: Omitted. Part of Chapter XV. Omitted by the Finance Act, 1988, with effect from 1 April 1989.
Subject: The section, as it stood before its omission, no longer forms part of the Act. In the consolidated bare Act it appears under a now-deleted cross-heading at the end of Chapter XV.
Finance Act, 2026: No change. Chapter XV is untouched by the Finance Act, 2026; the section stands as amended up to the Finance Act, 2025.
A. SECTION COMMENTARY
1. Omitted provision — retained to mark the omission
Section 181 was omitted by the Finance Act, 1988 with effect from 1 April 1989, and no longer has any operative content. It is included here, in compliance with the requirement that no section of the Chapter be skipped, solely to record the omission and to preserve the continuity of the section numbering of Chapter XV. The omission date is verified against the local Act, which prints the entry as '181. [Omitted by the Finance Act, 1988, w.e.f. 1-4-1989.]'.
2. Original subject-matter not asserted
Consistent with the project's accuracy discipline, the original subject-matter of section 181 as it stood before its 1988 omission is not asserted here: the readily available secondary sources conflict, and several conflate it with sections 182 and 183 (assessment of registered/unregistered firms, separately omitted by the Finance Act, 1992 with effect from 1 April 1993). The precise pre-1989 text should be confirmed from a pre-omission print edition or the Finance Act, 1988 amendment table before any statement of its original content is made. The fact and date of omission, however, are firmly established.
B. STATUTORY POSITION (verbatim text)
The section stands omitted; the bare-Act entry recording the omission is set out below.
181. Omitted by the Finance Act, 1988, w.e.f. 1-4-1989.
C. AUTHORITIES
Omitted provision. There are no authorities construing an omitted section, and none is invented. The fact and date of omission (Finance Act, 1988, w.e.f. 1 April 1989) are verified against the local Act.
Cluster A — No authority (omitted provision)
Section 181 was omitted by the Finance Act, 1988, w.e.f. 1 April 1989. There is no current jurisprudence, and the original subject-matter is not asserted in the absence of a primary-source confirmation. No authority is invented.
Compiled for the bharattax.co Treatise on the Income-tax Act, 1961 (as amended by the Finance Act, 2026). Statutory text is reproduced from the Income-tax Act, 1961 (text as printed in the local Act, base text amended up to the Finance Act, 2025), with the publisher's footnote apparatus and amendment-marker brackets removed; three asterisks (***) denote words or a provision omitted by amendment and retained only to mark the omission. The Finance Act, 2026 amends no section of Chapter XV of the Income-tax Act, 1961 (its Part-A amendments touch ss.92CA, 139, 140B, 144B, 144C, 147A, 148, 150, 153, 153B, 220, 222, 234, 245, 245MA, 254 and 270A-276 only). Citations are stated as reported; orders of the Tribunal and High Courts are flagged as such. Where a section has not been judicially construed, that is stated candidly and the nearest governing authority is given. This material is for professional reference and is not legal advice.