Form of Claim for Refund and Limitation

Section 433 — - FORM OF CLAIM FOR REFUND AND LIMITATION

Section 433 of the Income-tax Act, 2025 corresponds to s. 239 of the Income-tax Act, 1961.

STATUTORY ARCHITECTURE

Refund claim via filing return under s. 263 [s. 139 of 1961]. The 1961 framework permitted Form 30 separately; the 2025 framework uses ITR itself as the claim form. Limitation: refund claim must be embedded in a return filed within prescribed time.

PRACTITIONER PLANNING NOTES

• Belated return u/s 263(4) [139(4)] can claim refund up to specified time-limit (typically 12 months from end of relevant AY).
• Updated return u/s 264 [139(8A)] can claim refund only with additional tax payment.
• Time-barred refunds: only relief is via condonation u/s 119(2)(b) -- application to PCCIT.

CROSS-REFERENCES

• s. 263 (filing of return).
• s. 270 [143(1)] (intimation).
• s. 245 (set-off of refund against demand).
• s. 119(2)(b) (condonation of delay).